New research shines the spotlight on a new plastic pollution menace — microfibers.
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By 2050, the World Economic Forum predicts that the amount of plastic in the oceans will outweigh ALL the fish. When you hear “plastic” pollution, you might picture six-pack rings wrapped around seagulls or beaches littered with plastic bottles. But now, researchers are discovering a new menace — microfibers. They’re tiny strands of synthetic fibers.
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Microfibers are a type of plastic pollution known as microplastics. Microplastics are teeny tiny bits of plastic that are smaller than 5 mm — which is about the size of a grain of rice. They typically come from larger pieces of plastic that have been broken down over time, or from plastic microbeads found in exfoliating face washes.
Most microfiber pollution comes from the synthetic clothing that many of us LOVE to wear — think fleece jackets and yoga pants. But this comfort and fashion has a cost. Each time synthetic fabrics are washed, those tiny microfibers shed. Washing a typical polyester fleece can release thousands of microfibers that can travel from the washing machine to the local water treatment plant, where they can slip by filters and enter rivers, lakes, and oceans. And from there, fish and other marine life are eating the microfibers, which may leach harmful toxins.
Microfiber research is pretty new. It didn’t really start until 2011. But since then, researchers have been finding microfibers EVERYWHERE. They’ve been found in tap water in dozens of countries, including the U.S. A German study found microfibers in all 24 beer brands they tested. Researchers in Paris even discovered microfibers falling from the air, meaning we could be BREATHING them in on a daily basis.
What are microplastics?
Small plastic pieces less than five millimeters long which can be harmful to our ocean and aquatic life.
What is plastic made of?
Plastics are made from oil. Oil is a carbon-rich raw material, and plastics are large carbon-containing compounds. They’re large molecules called polymers, which are composed of repeating units of shorter carbon-containing compounds called monomers.
SOURCES:
Microfibers are migrating into field and food
https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/06/511843443/are-we-eating-our-fleece-jackets-microfibers-are-migrating-into-field-and-food
The biggest environmental problem you’ve never heard of
https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2014/oct/27/toxic-plastic-synthetic-microscopic-oceans-microbeads-microfibers-food-chain
Plastic will outweigh fish in the oceans by 2050
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_New_Plastics_Economy.pdf
Microfibers found in 25% of fish examined in California
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep14340.pdf
Microbeads banned in the United States
https://www.congress.gov/114/plaws/publ114/PLAW-114publ114.pdf
German beer contaminated with microfibers
http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Synthetic%20particles%20as%20contaminants.pdf
Tap water in multiple countries contains microfibers
https://orbmedia.org/stories/Invisibles_plastics
Microfibers in the air in Paris
http://www.publish.csiro.au/en/en14167
Water treatment plants filter out 95 to 99 percent of microplastics
http://pubs.rsc.org/-/content/articlepdf/2016/ew/c6ew00207b
Patagonia: An update on microfiber pollution
https://www.patagonia.com/blog/2017/02/an-update-on-microfiber-pollution/
The shirt of the future will be made by methane-eating bacteria
https://www.fastcompany.com/40476430/the-shirt-of-the-future-is-made-from-polyester-thats-been-created-by-methane-eating-bacteria
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